When it comes to the equipment in your solar power system, there are few items as important as the inverter. For many people, this comes as a surprise. After all, aren’t the solar panels the most important piece of equipment in the system? While the panels are certainly vital, the inverter is of equal importance. Without it, you wouldn’t be able to use the energy your panels have produced. Because solar panels create DC power, an inverter is necessary to turn it into the AC energy that most of your home’s appliances use. So, knowing how important an inverter is to your system, it’s important that you choose the right one. Here are some key considerations you should keep in mind when choosing your inverter.
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Inverter Type
There are actually several different types of inverters, built for different systems and designed to provide different benefits. First and foremost, you must find an inverter that matches the type of system you wish to have—grid-tied, off-grid, or hybrid. Grid-tied systems are only capable of connecting you to grid power, while off-grid systems can only support a backup power source like a battery bank or generator. Hybrid systems, however, utilize both, so a hybrid inverter is designed to connect to both the grid and a battery bank so you can use both of them to your advantage.
Additionally, you’ll need to consider the following categories to find an inverter that best suits your individual needs:
- String Inverters: String inverters are the most common type of inverter for residential systems. They’re cost-effective and work well in systems where the panels receive similar amounts of sunlight.
- Microinverters: Installed directly on the panels, microinverters are much more efficient at converting DC to AC power. This is particularly true in cases where the panels don’t receive equal amounts of sunlight. If your array experiences shading from nearby trees, you might want to consider microinverters for each panel rather than a single string inverter for the whole system.
- Power Optimizers: While not inverters in their own right, power optimizers work in tandem with a string inverter to increase the efficiency of each individual panel, providing you with the benefits of both inverter types.
Efficiency Rating
With any piece of solar power equipment, efficiency is an extremely important consideration. The efficiency of a solar inverter determines how much of the generated DC electricity is converted into usable AC electricity. Look for inverters with an efficiency rating above 95%. The higher the efficiency, the more energy will be converted for your use, leading to better overall system performance.
Capacity and Size
The right inverter for your system must be appropriately sized to handle the maximum power output of your solar array—and no less. In fact, you should ensure that the inverter’s capacity slightly exceeds the total wattage of your solar panels. This will ensure that your inverter can handle peak production times without getting overloaded.
Monitoring and Communication
While solar power systems can manage themselves fairly effectively, they are more efficient and reliable when you actively monitor them. Modern solar inverters come with monitoring and communication tools that allow you to track the performance of your system—both in real time and over an extended period. Look for an inverter with these capabilities (often with a related app for your smartphone) so that you can note patterns of energy generation and consumption and quickly identify issues to optimize the system’s performance.
Durability and Warranty
Solar inverters are often exposed to outside elements, so durability is crucial. You’ll want to choose an inverter that has sturdy housing and can withstand extreme weather, especially if you’re installing the inverter outdoors. Additionally, consider the warranty your inverter’s manufacturer offers. Warranties can range from 10 to 25 years, and the length of that warranty can indicate just how confident the manufacturer is in the inverter’s durability.
Cost
Of course, all of these factors matter very little if the inverter is not within your budget. While upfront cost is a very important factor, it’s important that it’s not the only factor you consider. Naturally, longer-lasting, more efficient inverters are going to cost more to purchase. However, they can provide long-term savings over time as well. It’s important to consider the total cost of each inverter over the equipment’s lifetime, and try to strike a balance between the long-term benefits and the upfront costs.
Seek Professional Guidance
Choosing the right inverter can be quite difficult when you start to look at all of the options and begin to realize just how many important choices you have to make. Oftentimes, it is best to seek the advice of a solar power expert rather than trying to navigate all of those decisions on your own. They can point you in the right direction and help you find a Sol-Ark hybrid inverter that fits your system, your needs, and your budget.
Buzztum Editor